A Laminar Flow Hood establishes air flow in a smooth straight path from the back of the work space towards the user. The opposite of laminar flow is turbulent flow, where air particles move in different directions mixing and colliding with each other.
Laminar flow hoods use a HEPA filter to capture a wide range of particles. Depending on the rating of the HEPA filter, it can capture particles down to the submicron aerosol sizes (0.02-0.5 μm). Note that common contaminants range from 2 to 10 μm. The Laminar flow hood installed with the correct HEPA filter MERV rating is the best bet for establishing a sterile working environment.
While the Laminar Flow Hood is considered the gold standard, it can cost upwards from $800, if not thousands of dollars. The industrial fan is loud and powerful. The heavy, sturdy build of the hood will require serious installment and a permanent station. It will also demand a large footprint inside the home, if space is a concern. Most often, you will find it stashed away in a dedicated workshop or garage.